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Glosario (ID: 2063)
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FCL Full Container Load - an arrangement whereby the shipper utilises all the space in a container which he packs himself. "FCL door (or house)/LCL depot" would describe a movement where a haulier, who was the sub-contractor of the carrier, took an empty container to a shipper's premises for packing by the shipper and then to haul the loaded container would then be unpacked at the CTO's depot by the sub-contractor of the carrier, who would effect delivery to the consignee's premises. "FCL port (or pier) FCL depot" is when then carrier receives from the shipper at the vessel's side a container packed by the shipper and delivers same to the consignee at the importing depot for the consignee to take it to his premises for unpacking and subsequent return of the empy container to carrier's depot. Freight The amount of money payable for the carriage of goods. Sometimes erroneously used to describe the goods which are more correctly described as "cargo" in marine transportation. Freight Ton The weight/volume on which freight is charged. GA General Average. GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - an international multilateral agreement embodying a code of practice for fair trading in international commerce with headquarters in Geneva. GCA Gold Clause Agreement - an agreement relating to the interpretation of COGSA 1924 and the Hague Rules between certain insurers, cargo interest and British shipowners, agreed in 1950 but abandoned on the 31 st May 1988. Groupage Consolidation of several LCL consignments into a container. H/L Heavy Lift. Hague Rules The 1924 International Convention on Carriage of Goods by Sea Hague - Visby Rules The 1968 Revision of the Hague Rules Hamburg Rules The 1978 UNCTAD revision of the Hague-Rules. House or Door A movement starting or finishing at the customer's premises. Thus, "House/House" or "Door/Door" stars at the shippers premises and ends at the consignee's premises. IMDG Code International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code - contains the IMO recommendations for the carriage of dangerous goods by sea. IMO International Maritime Organisation - a UN body charged with the duty of making safety and anti-pollution conventions and recommendations concerning sea transport. ISO International Standards Organization - a body responsible for, inter alia, setting standards for containers contruction. INCOTERMS International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms - at current comprising 13 terms (listed above) for foreign trade contracts, compiled by ICC. Inherent Vice Those properties of certain goods which lead to their arrival in damaged condition without accident or negligence, for exemple unprotected steel will "weather", bales of rubber stick together, copra is almost invariably infested by copra bugs. L/C Letter of Credit - a document in which the terms of documentary credit transactions are set out. LCL Less than Container Load - when a parcel is too small to fill a container which is grouped by the carrier at a CFS with other compatible goods for the same destination. "LCL door/LCL depot" is affected when the carrier collects the cargo from the shipper, takes it to his depot for groupage and delivers to the consignee at the import depot. L/I Letter of Indemnity- sometimes also called a letter of guarantee, it allows the consignee to take delivery of his goods without the surrendering of the original bill of lading which has been delayed or become lost. LLMC International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims - a 1976 limitation convention enacted in the UK by the Merchant Shipping Act 1979. LO-LO Lift On Lift Off - a containership onto which and from which containers are lifted by crane (as opposed to RoRo). Liner A vessel plying a regular pattern of a trade on a defined route under a published sailing shedule. Liner Terms Freight payable which includes the cost of loading and unloading. MMO Multi Modal Operator. Manifest List of goods or passengers on a vessel. Measurement Ton 1 cubic metre - one of the alternative bases of a freight tariff. M/R Mates's Receipt - a receipt given to the party that delivers the cargo to the ship. The M/R states quantity and condition of the cargo and where it was stowed. NVOC(C) Non Vessel Operating (Common) Carrier - a carrier inssuing bill of lading for carriage of goods on vessel which he neither owns nor operates. Notify Party The party to whom the ANF (see above) is sent. NYPE The New York Produce Exchange charterparty - the most commonly used form of hire contract for vessels. O/H Overheight - a container with goods protruding above the top of the corner posts. OOG Out of Gauge - goods whose dimensions exceed those of the container in which they are packed. O/W Overwidth - a container with goods protruding beyond the sides of the container/flat rack onto which they are packed. P&I Club Protection and indemnity Association - the carrier's mutual liability insurer. POA Place of Acceptance - the place where the goods are received for shipment or transit and where the carrier's liability commences. Now more usually called POR (see below). POD Place of Delivery - the place where the goods are delivered and carrier's liability ends. It can also mean Proof of Delivery and then it means a signed receipt acknowledging delivery. Poincare Franc A fictitious gold franc - originally used amongst other things to asses the carrier's liability in an inflation proofed manner under the Hague - Visby Rules, now replaced by the SDR (see hereunder). Port or Pier A movement starting or finishing at the vessel's side, as in the times of break bulk cargoes, so that the inland movement prior and subsequent to sea carriage is effected by the merchant. It is possible to encounter movements involving more than one of these mentioned. Thus, "door (or house) / depot" would describe a movement starting at the shipper's premises and ending at the CFS. Once the details in respect of LCL are added to the bill of lading a full picture of the type of movement contemplated by the shippers is possible. Principal Carrier The carrier who issues the CTD, regardless of whether or not the goods are carried on his own, a third party's or a consortium member's vessel. RN Release Note - a receipt signed by the customer with the acknowledgement of delivery of his goods RO-RO A ferry type vessel, onto which goods and containers can be driven usually via a ramp. REEFER A refrigerated vessel or container. SDR Special Drawing Rights - means of a basket of currencies designed to "iron out" currency exchange fluctuations in international valuations, now used to express the limitation under the Hague-Visby Rules and the MSA Limitation Convention. SOB Shipped On Board - an endorsement on the "received for shipment" bill of lading confirming that the goods have been loaded on board. Shipper The person who tenders the goods for the carriage, not to be confused with the party issuing the bill of lading or the vessel's operator who is the carrier. Shut-out Goods not carried on the intended vessel. Slot The space on board a vessel occupied by a container. Straight bill of lading A peculiar American term for a negotiable bill of lading, like a "Waybill", governed by the US Pommerene Act. Stuffing/Stripping The action performed when packing a container. TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit - i.e. 1x20ft= 1 TEU, 1X40 ft=2 TEU. THC Terminal Handling Charge - a charge for handling container at the ocean terminals. TIR Transport International Routiers - a system involving the issue of a carnet to road hauliers which allows aloaded vehicles to cross national frontiers with minimum customs formalities. TTD The TTD is a contract of carriage involving more than one carrier. The carrier who issues the TTD acts as the principal only during the carriage on his own vessel and as agent at all other times. Therefore, the liabilities and responsibilities are spread over several carriers and the merchant is in contract with different carriers under different and most probably unknown conditions at different stages of the carriage. TTO Through Transport Operator - a carrier who contracts to carry goods (only part of the carriage he undertakes to perform himself) on the basis that he is the principal whilst the goods are in his custody and care and an agent only whilst they are not. Tariff The terms and conditions and scale of charges - in the US trade the tariff must be notified in advance to the FMC (see above). Terminal The port or depot at which containers are loaded or unloaded onto or from container vessels, railways or trucks. UCP Uniform Customs and Practice of Documentary Credits - the banker's "bible" on documentary credit interpretation issued by the ICC. UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. UNCON Uncontainerable Goods - see as well Breakbulk, goods which because of their dimension cannot be containerised and which are therefore carried "breakbulk". UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. UNCTAD MMO UNCTAD Multi Modal Transport Convention. Vienna Convention A 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods which came into force on 1st January 1988. Waybill A bill of lading that acts as receipt for the goods and evidence of the contract of carriage. A waybill is a bill of lading that is not a document and can thus be defined as follws: a waybill is a receipt for goods; a waybill is evidence of the contract; a waybill a non-negotiable document. Under a waybill delivery will be effected to a nominated consignee upon proof of identity. As a title it presents a personal contract between the shipper and the carrier only. There is (at present) no mandatory law or convention and the parties have absolute freedom of contract. Full Container Load - an arrangement whereby the shipper utilises all the space in a container which he packs himself. "FCL door (or house)/LCL depot" Glosario